1) Even if the consultants arrive at correct recommendation, it is unlikely the executives will believe, understand, and act on them appropriately if they have not done the interviews.

2) Spatial subsampling.

3) Operating voltage.

4) Some combination of speed and reliability reduction would occur.

5) Transistors driving global interconnect segments.

6) 0.83.

7) 0.17.

8) If we apply the slowdown only to the analysis time, then
  answered above, answered above, 0.20, 1.01, 0.28, 1.38, 0.50, and 2.4.
If we apply it to all CPU time (which is ruled out by one line in the question), then
  answered above, answered above, 0.22, 1.1, 0.33, 1.66, 0.66, 3.32.

9) The battery has inadequate short-term current, so the capacitor is used to buffer/filter demands on the battery.

10) The motion controller controls/sequences operations in the hardware components including the motion vector calculators and the CNN accelerator. It makes it possible to wake the CPU less frequently.

11) Temporally local spikes result in greater accumulation by the integrator than temporally distant spikes.

12) (LC(L(C-1)))/2

13) Software errors allows proximity checks to be bypassed. The same symmetric keys allowed reprogramming all lightbulbs. The hardware was susceptible to CPA/DPA.

14) They don't have enough bits in their run length indicator to represent more than 15. They could have used more or fewer bits for this. Their approach avoided storing more than 4 bits in the common case, at the cost of requiring more bits in the uncommon case (long runs).

15) Hyperdimensional computing uses long pseudo-random bit sequences to represent classes and Hamming distance to determine (partial) matches with these classes. It achieves competitive results on some machine learning problems and requires less training data compared to most classical machine learning techniques.